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Port Gibson is a city in Claiborne County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 1,567 at the 2010 census. Port Gibson is the county seat of Claiborne County〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 and home to the Claiborne County Courthouse. Port Gibson was occupied in 1729 by French colonists and was within ''La Louisiane''. It was chartered as a town in the U.S. in 1803 after the Louisiana Purchase. Due to development of cotton plantations in the area after Indian Removal, planters in the state imported thousands of African-American slaves from the Upper South. The county had a black majority established well before the Civil War, most of them slaves. Several notable people are native of Port Gibson, and the town saw action during the American Civil War. Port Gibson has several historical sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places (National Register of Historic Places listings in Claiborne County, Mississippi). It was home to The Rabbit's Foot Company, which had a substantial role in the development of blues in Mississippi, including taverns and juke joints now included on the Mississippi Blues Trail. With the decline in agriculture and lack of other jobs, the city and county have suffered from poverty. A report in the ''New York Times'' in 2002 characterized Port Gibson as 80 percent black and poor, with 20 percent of families living on incomes less than $10,000 a year according to the 2000 Census and an "entrenched population of whites, many of whom are related and have some historical connection to cotton."〔PETER T. KILBORN, "A Vestige of King Cotton Fades Out in Mississippi"], ''New York Times'', October 18, 2002.〕 ==History== Chartered as a town on March 12, 1803, Port Gibson is Mississippi's third-oldest European-American settlement. It was developed beginning in 1729 by French colonists, and was then within French-claimed territory, ''La Louisiane''. The now defunct Port Gibson Female College was founded here in 1843. One of its buildings now serves as the city hall. Port Gibson was the site of several clashes during the American Civil War and figured in Ulysses S. Grant's Vicksburg Campaign. The Battle of Port Gibson occurred on May 1, 1863, and resulted in the deaths of over 200 Union and Confederate soldiers. The battle was a turning point in the Confederates' ability to hold Mississippi and defend against an amphibious attack. Port Gibson is the site of the Port Gibson Oil Works, a cottonseed oil plant. Many of the town's historic buildings survived the Civil War because Grant reportedly proclaimed the city to be "too beautiful to burn". These words appear on the town's city limits signs. Historic buildings in the city include the Windsor Ruins, which have been shown in several motion pictures. Although Port Gibson no longer has a Jewish community, ''Gemiluth Chessed'' synagogue, built in 1892, is the only Moorish Revival building and the oldest synagogue in the state. The Jewish population gradually moved to areas offering more opportunity. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Port Gibson, Mississippi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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